Five projects conducted by the scientists of Perm Tech have got the President funding.
1. Project: "Investigation of macro-and microgeometry formation of precision parts surfaces using abrasive and electrolytic-plasma processing technologies."
The creation of high-tech reliable machines and devices that are competitive in the Russian Federation and world market inevitably faces the limited capabilities of technological processes for finishing machining precision part surfaces. These factors determine the growing need for modern import-substituting equipment with improved performance characteristics, - said Karim Muratov."
One of the final goals of the project is to create modern domestic equipment and technologies for a controlled process of abrasive and electrolytic-plasma processing of difficult-to-work materials precision surfaces with obtaining high accuracy of geometric shape (deviation not more than 0.6 micrometers) and required parameters of the microrelief of processed surfaces (roughness up to 3 nanometers ). The developed equipment and technologies will allow to increase the processing performance by 1.5-2 times in comparison with domestic and foreign analogues.
2. Project "Development and implementation of a direct three-level constitutive model to describe the deformation of metal and alloy samples, taking into account the evolution of the internal structure at meso/micro scales, to study the influence of internal and external boundaries of crystallites."
The uniqueness of the project is to find an answer to one of the fundamental questions of mechanics: what is being studied in real experiments: the properties of the sample or the properties of the material? If the sample, the data of such experiments cannot be used to describe the behavior of structures of other shapes and sizes. To find an answer to this question, it is proposed to consider the processes of deformation at lower scales, where it actually originates. In addition, modern computing technologies based on the use of graphics processors will be used for calculations.
3. Project: "The Solution of fundamental and applied problems associated with the use of fiber-optic strain sensors (FOSS) embedded in granular composite materials on Bragg gratings."
The project is related to the numerical modeling and experimental studies of a number of problems arising in the justification of the use for the measurement of deformations and diagnosis of the appearance and development of defects in the structures of fiber-optic strain sensors (FOSS) on Bragg gratings embedded in the material at the stage of manufacture of structures made of granular composite materials. FOSS are modern sensors based on fiber optics that can measure various physical mechanical values, can withstand deformations comparable to the deformation of the composite, are easy and available in manufacture, are immune to electrical interference and in harsh conditions have advantages, including sensitivity, in comparison with other sensors. It is with the help of FOSS that the concept of smart structures can be implemented.
Within the framework of the project, there will be conducted the following studies: impact on the structures strength of an additional stress concentrator due to the embedding of the optical fiber into granular composite materials, which will allow to assess the strength of the optical fiber embedded in the granular composite material and to choose the options for protective coatings of the optical fiber optimal in terms of the strength of the fiber and the level of stress concentration in the material. Also there will be experiments to measure the technological deformations built into the FOSS material made of granular composite material.
On the basis of numerical experiments and experimental approbation methods of compensation of temperature deformations on the basis of indications of sensors and registration of emergence and development of defects in designs from granular composite material will be developed.
4. Project: "Research and development of energy-efficient technology of electroerosion treatment of Russian polymer composite materials of new generation".
The work is devoted to the research and development of energy-efficient technology of electroerosion treatment of Russian polymer composite materials of the new generation. At present, composite polymer materials (PCM) are widely used in the creation of promising products of aviation and special engineering. One of the limiting factors in the use of these materials for the manufacture of promising products is the limited technological capabilities for their processing. On the basis of research and practical work on cutting PCM there was found that the processing of these materials blade tool is increased wear of the cutting edges, which leads to a decrease in processing performance. Large technological problems are noted in the processing of materials or products with very low stiffness, the process of forming which is practically impossible by methods of blade and abrasive processing or causes significant difficulties. During machining (drilling, cutting, perforation, milling and turning) of parts made of PCM there are defects such as detachment and tearing of the fiber. Also, the composite material surface defects as a result of the impact of the cutting tool include low and uneven roughness, chips at the ends, cracks, fiber stratification, etc.
The task is to research and find the alternative technologies allowing to provide the set indicators of quality at processing of PKM. The best solution is to use the technology of electrical discharge machining (EDM). Currently, this process have not been studied in full.
5. Project: "Development of consumer behavior model in the field of information technology based on big data of social networks using machine learning algorithms".
The essence of the study is that using the analysis of data on users of social networks, you can find out how economic agents (firms) can manage consumer behavior. Thus, it is possible to build consumer behavior models of conventional generations online users "X", "Y", "Z" with the ability to determine their incentives and motives.